January 2025 Farm Bill Update

Home 9 Publications 9 Farm Bill 9 January 2025 Farm Bill Update

January 2025 Farm Bill Update

Extending Farm Bills while drafting successors was once rare but has become common. The 118th Congress didn’t reauthorize the 2018 Farm Bill. Instead, they opted for two single-year extensions in November 2023 and December 2024.  

The extensions maintain the 2018 bill’s authorities through fiscal year (FY) 2025 and the 2025 crop year. Most Farm Bill spending, which has a budget baseline, incurs no extra costs. The 2023 extension added $177 M for FY2024. The 2024 extension provided no new funding for FY2025. 

While the Farm Bill extension gives Congress until Sept. 30, 2025, to pass a new Farm Bill, it did not fund numerous programs without baseline funding. These are “Orphan Programs.”  

Without the Farm Bill, the agencies that run orphan programs may not have the resources to continue operating them.  

When a program’s funding runs out, it does not mean the office closes immediately. New projects cannot begin, though. Some programs may have leftover funds to continue work for a limited period.

Orphaned Programs 

Title XII- Miscellaneous – $74 M 

  • Emergency Citrus Disease Research- $25 M 
  • Wool Apparel Manufacturing Trust Fund- $30 M 
  • Pima Agriculture Cotton Trust Fund- $16 M 
  • Wool Research and Promotion- $2.25 M 
  • Sheep Production & Marketing Grants- $400,000 

Title VII- Research – $49 M 

  • Foundation for Food and Ag Research- $37 M 
  • Scholarships for 1890s Institutions- $10 M 
  • Urban, Indoor & Other Emerging Ag Production Research, Education & Extension Initiative- $2 M 

Title II- Conservation- $26 M 

  • Feral Swine Eradication & Control Pilot Program- $15 M 
  • Voluntary Public Access & Habitat Incentive Program- $10 M 
  • Grassroots Source Water Protection Program- $1 M 

Title IX- Energy- $10 M 

  • Biorefinery Assistance- $0 
  • Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels- $7 M 
  • Biobased Markets Program- $3 M 

Title X- Horticulture- $10 M 

  • National Organic Certification Cost-Share- $8 M 
  • Organic Production & Market Data Initiative- $1 M 
  • Organic Certification/Trade Tracking & Data- $1 M 
  • Multiple Crop Pesticide Use Survey- $100,000 

Title VI- Rural Development- $5 M 

  • Rural Economic Development & Job Creation Loans- $5 M 

Title IV- Nutrition- $4 M 

  • TEFAP Farm to Food Bank Projects- $4 M 

Title I- Commodities- $0 

  • Program Implementation- $0 

Programs Permanently Authorized and Funded: 

  • Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) 
  • GusNIP 

Programs Continued by the Enactment of Further Funding: 

These programs could continue after September 30, 2025, if funding for SNAP is provided in the appropriations bills: 

  • SNAP and related grant programs (such as SNAP Employment & Training Program) 
  • TEFAP commodities 
  • FDPIR 
  • Community food projects 
  • Federal crop insurance program 
  • Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program 
  • Livestock Indemnity Program 
  • Livestock Forage Disaster Program 
  • Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees, and Farm-Raised Fish Program 
  • Tree Assistance program 

CSFP funding comes from the Commodity Assistance Program account. The authority to make commodity purchases and other costs can continue with funding.

The Indigenous Food and Agriculture Initiative serves as the Native Farm Bill Coalition’s official research partner. The NFBC exists to provide a strong, united voice for Tribal priorities within the next Farm Bill.  

Learn more about Tribal priorities in the next Farm Bill and how to get involved at nativefarmbill.com.